Hubel 1962
From neurov.is/on
Hubel, D. H.; Wiesel, T. N. (1962). "Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex". The Journal of Physiology 160: 106-154.
Contents |
[edit] Notes
- The receptive field arrangements suggest complexity far surpassing lower level vision.
- Part I examines receptive fields of more complex type than Hubel & Wiesel 1959
- Part II makes additional observations on binocular interactions
- Evoked potentials method was used in the past (ex. Talbot & Marshall 1941)
- method not very precise, measure populations of neurons.
- Knowledge about retinotopic projections, binocular overlaps, and second visual area based on this technique.
- Microelectrode penetration technique
- used in Mountcastle 1957 and Powell & Mountcastle (1959)
- Is much more precise than evoked potentials method
- used in this paper
- Part III used this method to study functional architecture of visual cortex
[edit] Part I: Organization of Receptive Fields in Cat's Visual Cortex: Properties of 'Simple' and 'Complex' Fields
- receptive field of a cell - region of retina or visual field that influences that cell's firing rate.
- Cat has two types of ganglion cells in retina [1]
- 'on'-center - concentric excitatory regions surrounding by an inhibitory region
- 'off'-center - reversed
- LGN also has the same two types
- Visual cortex has many functional types of cells, but none with concentric 'on'-center or 'off'-center receptive fields
- Most cells in visual cortex fall into two groups based on the complexity of receptive fields
- 'Simple' -
- excitatory and inhibitory regions could be found in receptive field
- 'complex'
- more complex relationship between receptive field and response found (reword?)
- the described subtypes are unlikely to be exhaustive
- 'Simple' -
[edit] Results
[edit] Simple Receptive Fields
- 233/303 cortical cells 'simple'
- like retinal ganglion cells and geniculate cells, 'simple' cortical cells possessed distinct excitatory and inhibitory subdivisions.
- cells were termed simple because
- (1) distinct excitatory and inhibitory regions
- (2) summation within these regions
- (3) antagonism - excitatory and inhibitory regions balanced themselves out in diffuse lighting
- (4) possible to predict responses of moving stimuli given the map of excitatory and inhibitory regions
- receptive field axis
- axis orientation
[edit] Complex Receptive Fields
- Intermixed with simple cells
- present in most penetrations into Striate cortex
- far more 'intricate and elaborate' than simple cells
- more complex shapes
- when 'on' and 'off' regions could be established, summation and mutual antagonism didn't hold
- some important features shared with simple (elaborate)
- Text-fig.3 responded to horizontal slit 1/8 degree wide and 3 degrees long
- not sensitive to the exact position along the orientation
- upper half of receptive field gave 'on' response
- lower half gave 'off' response
- middle responded to both on and off
- summation property held in horizontal direction
- a tilt in a few degrees decreased response
- Text-fig.4 - Second complex unit
- was at a slant
- more responsive to movement
- optimum rate of movement: 1 deg / second
What exactly is an off response?
[edit] Part II: Binocular Interaction and Ocular Dominance
TBD
[edit] Part III: Functional Cytoarchitecture of the Cat's Visual Cortex
TBD
[edit] Terminology
| Term (memorize) | Meaning (memorize) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cerebral cortex | The outer "gray matter" of the brain. | ||
| Apical dendrite |
| ||
| Lateral gyri | ?? | ||
| Post-lateral gyri | ?? |
- ↑ Kuffler, SW (1953). "Discharge patterns and functional organization of mammalian retina.". J Neurophysiol: 37-68. PMID 13035466.
